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Catégorie :Category: nCreator TI-Nspire
Auteur Author: rylanf
Type : Classeur 3.0.1
Page(s) : 1
Taille Size: 2.94 Ko KB
Mis en ligne Uploaded: 03/12/2024 - 09:58:49
Uploadeur Uploader: rylanf (Profil)
Téléchargements Downloads: 2
Visibilité Visibility: Archive publique
Shortlink : http://ti-pla.net/a4363963
Type : Classeur 3.0.1
Page(s) : 1
Taille Size: 2.94 Ko KB
Mis en ligne Uploaded: 03/12/2024 - 09:58:49
Uploadeur Uploader: rylanf (Profil)
Téléchargements Downloads: 2
Visibilité Visibility: Archive publique
Shortlink : http://ti-pla.net/a4363963
Description
Fichier Nspire généré sur TI-Planet.org.
Compatible OS 3.0 et ultérieurs.
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Three main rules apply to all electromagnetic waves " High-frequency EM waves have more energy and can penetrate most matter " High-frequency EM waves can carry more information per unit time than low-frequency waves " The shorter the wavelength of an EM wave, the smaller the detail it is possible to resolve. Different types of EM Radiation affect chemicals in different ways " Radio and Microwave causes molecular rotation " Infrared causes molecular bond vibration " Visible and Ultraviolet causes valence electron excitation " X-Ray causes core electron excitation and expulsion " Gamma causes nuclear excitation A Wave is... " repetitive motion of alternating crests and troughs " we are concerned with wavelength (») & frequency (u) Frequency (u) and Wavelength (») have inverse proportionality... " low » = high u " high » = low u Frequency and Wavelength are related to each other mathematically... c = » u where... c = speed of light = 3.00e8 m/s » = wavelength, in meters u = frequency, in Hz (1/s) Max Planck was able to show that the energy found in a photon of light is directly proportional to its frequency E = h u where... E = energy of a photon, in joules (J) h = Plancks constant = 6.64e-34 Js u = frequency, in Hz (1/s) Bohr models of the atom account for... protons & neutrons in the nucleus electrons in increasingly higher energy orbits - first orbit can only contain 2 electrons (lowest energy) - second and third orbits can only contain 8 electrons Bohr models break down after 18 electrons - do not fully explain nature of electrons Electronic configuration " standard notation used to describe electronic structure of atoms " electrons occupy orbitals - s, p, d, f " orbitals have one or more suborbitals - s = 1 suborbital - p = 3 suborbitals - d = 5 suborbitals - f = 7 suborbitals " three main rules to ensure correct implementation - Pauli Exclusion Principle - Hunds Rule - Aufbau Principle Pauli Exclusion Principal " suborbitals can have 2 electrons max and they must have opposite spins Hunds Rule " electrons in same energy suborbitals half-fill with parallel spin electrons before pairing Aufbau Principal " electrons fill lower energy level suborbitals before higher energy levels 1s 2s 2p 3s 3p 3d 4s 4p 4d 4f 5s 5p 5d 5f 6s 6p 6d 7s 7p Electron Configuration of d & f Orbitals " d orbitals have an energy level = (n-1) " n = 4... 4s, 4p, 3d " f orbitals have an energy level = (n-2) " n = 6... 6s, 6p, 5d, 4f " 21Sc: 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d1 " 22Ti: 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d2 " 57La: 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 6s2 4f1 " 58Ce: 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 6s2 4f2 Noble Gas Electron Configuration " Uses previous noble gas in brackets as shortcut... " [He] = 1s2 " [Ne] = 1s2 2s2 2p6 " [Ar] = 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 " 3Li: [He] 2s1 " 12Mg: [Ne] 3s2 " 21Sc: [Ar] 4s2 3d1 " 44Ru: [Kr] 5s2 4d6 " 55Cs: [Xe] 6s1 Made with nCreator - tiplanet.org
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Compatible OS 3.0 et ultérieurs.
<<
Three main rules apply to all electromagnetic waves " High-frequency EM waves have more energy and can penetrate most matter " High-frequency EM waves can carry more information per unit time than low-frequency waves " The shorter the wavelength of an EM wave, the smaller the detail it is possible to resolve. Different types of EM Radiation affect chemicals in different ways " Radio and Microwave causes molecular rotation " Infrared causes molecular bond vibration " Visible and Ultraviolet causes valence electron excitation " X-Ray causes core electron excitation and expulsion " Gamma causes nuclear excitation A Wave is... " repetitive motion of alternating crests and troughs " we are concerned with wavelength (») & frequency (u) Frequency (u) and Wavelength (») have inverse proportionality... " low » = high u " high » = low u Frequency and Wavelength are related to each other mathematically... c = » u where... c = speed of light = 3.00e8 m/s » = wavelength, in meters u = frequency, in Hz (1/s) Max Planck was able to show that the energy found in a photon of light is directly proportional to its frequency E = h u where... E = energy of a photon, in joules (J) h = Plancks constant = 6.64e-34 Js u = frequency, in Hz (1/s) Bohr models of the atom account for... protons & neutrons in the nucleus electrons in increasingly higher energy orbits - first orbit can only contain 2 electrons (lowest energy) - second and third orbits can only contain 8 electrons Bohr models break down after 18 electrons - do not fully explain nature of electrons Electronic configuration " standard notation used to describe electronic structure of atoms " electrons occupy orbitals - s, p, d, f " orbitals have one or more suborbitals - s = 1 suborbital - p = 3 suborbitals - d = 5 suborbitals - f = 7 suborbitals " three main rules to ensure correct implementation - Pauli Exclusion Principle - Hunds Rule - Aufbau Principle Pauli Exclusion Principal " suborbitals can have 2 electrons max and they must have opposite spins Hunds Rule " electrons in same energy suborbitals half-fill with parallel spin electrons before pairing Aufbau Principal " electrons fill lower energy level suborbitals before higher energy levels 1s 2s 2p 3s 3p 3d 4s 4p 4d 4f 5s 5p 5d 5f 6s 6p 6d 7s 7p Electron Configuration of d & f Orbitals " d orbitals have an energy level = (n-1) " n = 4... 4s, 4p, 3d " f orbitals have an energy level = (n-2) " n = 6... 6s, 6p, 5d, 4f " 21Sc: 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d1 " 22Ti: 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d2 " 57La: 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 6s2 4f1 " 58Ce: 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 6s2 4f2 Noble Gas Electron Configuration " Uses previous noble gas in brackets as shortcut... " [He] = 1s2 " [Ne] = 1s2 2s2 2p6 " [Ar] = 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 " 3Li: [He] 2s1 " 12Mg: [Ne] 3s2 " 21Sc: [Ar] 4s2 3d1 " 44Ru: [Kr] 5s2 4d6 " 55Cs: [Xe] 6s1 Made with nCreator - tiplanet.org
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