Small v Large D.O, and Ligands
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Catégorie :Category: nCreator TI-Nspire
Auteur Author: Meronjeb
Type : Classeur 3.0.1
Page(s) : 1
Taille Size: 2.91 Ko KB
Mis en ligne Uploaded: 11/11/2024 - 00:32:48
Uploadeur Uploader: Meronjeb (Profil)
Téléchargements Downloads: 3
Visibilité Visibility: Archive publique
Shortlink : http://ti-pla.net/a4307432
Type : Classeur 3.0.1
Page(s) : 1
Taille Size: 2.91 Ko KB
Mis en ligne Uploaded: 11/11/2024 - 00:32:48
Uploadeur Uploader: Meronjeb (Profil)
Téléchargements Downloads: 3
Visibilité Visibility: Archive publique
Shortlink : http://ti-pla.net/a4307432
Description
Fichier Nspire généré sur TI-Planet.org.
Compatible OS 3.0 et ultérieurs.
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What are the factors that affect giving us either a lo spin and big deltas O, or a hi spin with low delta O. GOOD FOR STRONG FIELD Ls OPPOSITE FOR WEAK FIELD Ls 1. Good Sigma-Donor: Good sigma donation between the metal D orbitals and the Ligand group orbitals, then we get a very strong bonding, and antibonding interaction. This raises the energy of eg* more (greater destabilization of higher metal orbitals). Therefore larger delta O, and a stronger field ligand. 2. Good Pi acceptor: Lowers T2g. High Pi* ligand group orbitals interact with T2g and lower/stabalize the T2g metal orbitals, increasing the size of Delta O. ORDERING: The halide ions have ligand field strengths in the order F{ > Cl{ > Br{ > I{ which is also their order of proton basicity. Ligands that have occupied p orbitals, such as the halides, can function as À donors. They donate these electrons to the metal while simultaneously donating their à bonding electrons. À donation decreases , and most halide complexes have high-spin configurations. Other ligands that are À-donor candidates include HO, OH{, and RCO{. They fit into the series, from a tendency to create a larger to a smaller , in the order HO > F{ > RCO{> OH{ > Cl{ > Br{ > I{ with OH{ below HO in the series because OH{ has more À-donating tendency. When ligands have vacant À* or d orbitals of suitable energy, there is the possibility of À back-bonding, and the ligands may be À acceptors. This capability tends to increase . Very effective À acceptors include CN{, CO, and others with conjugated or aromatic À systems. A selected list of À-acceptor ligands within the coordination chemistry realm in order of tendency to increase is CO, CN{ > phenanthroline (phen) > NO{ > NCS{ When these lists of ligands are combined, the result is the spectrochemical series which runs roughly in order from strong À-acceptor ligands to strong À-donor ligands: CO, CN{ > phen > NO{ > en > NH > NCS{ > HO > F{ > RCO{> OH{ > Cl{ > Br{ > I{ Low spin High spin Strong field Weak field Large Small À acceptors à donor only À donors Ligands high in the spectrochemical series tend to cause large splitting of d-orbital energies (large values of ) and to favor low-spin complexes; ligands low in the series are not as effective at causing d-orbital splitting and yield lower values of . CO + CN: Good Pi acceptors PF3: Empty d orbital on phosphorus serves as Pi acceptor En and NH3: Only simga donor, no pi star orbital or p orbital H20: can pi donate, but is bad sigma donor (and weak pi donor) F-->I-: Pi donor increases as EN increases, more willing to share electrons. Made with nCreator - tiplanet.org
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Compatible OS 3.0 et ultérieurs.
<<
What are the factors that affect giving us either a lo spin and big deltas O, or a hi spin with low delta O. GOOD FOR STRONG FIELD Ls OPPOSITE FOR WEAK FIELD Ls 1. Good Sigma-Donor: Good sigma donation between the metal D orbitals and the Ligand group orbitals, then we get a very strong bonding, and antibonding interaction. This raises the energy of eg* more (greater destabilization of higher metal orbitals). Therefore larger delta O, and a stronger field ligand. 2. Good Pi acceptor: Lowers T2g. High Pi* ligand group orbitals interact with T2g and lower/stabalize the T2g metal orbitals, increasing the size of Delta O. ORDERING: The halide ions have ligand field strengths in the order F{ > Cl{ > Br{ > I{ which is also their order of proton basicity. Ligands that have occupied p orbitals, such as the halides, can function as À donors. They donate these electrons to the metal while simultaneously donating their à bonding electrons. À donation decreases , and most halide complexes have high-spin configurations. Other ligands that are À-donor candidates include HO, OH{, and RCO{. They fit into the series, from a tendency to create a larger to a smaller , in the order HO > F{ > RCO{> OH{ > Cl{ > Br{ > I{ with OH{ below HO in the series because OH{ has more À-donating tendency. When ligands have vacant À* or d orbitals of suitable energy, there is the possibility of À back-bonding, and the ligands may be À acceptors. This capability tends to increase . Very effective À acceptors include CN{, CO, and others with conjugated or aromatic À systems. A selected list of À-acceptor ligands within the coordination chemistry realm in order of tendency to increase is CO, CN{ > phenanthroline (phen) > NO{ > NCS{ When these lists of ligands are combined, the result is the spectrochemical series which runs roughly in order from strong À-acceptor ligands to strong À-donor ligands: CO, CN{ > phen > NO{ > en > NH > NCS{ > HO > F{ > RCO{> OH{ > Cl{ > Br{ > I{ Low spin High spin Strong field Weak field Large Small À acceptors à donor only À donors Ligands high in the spectrochemical series tend to cause large splitting of d-orbital energies (large values of ) and to favor low-spin complexes; ligands low in the series are not as effective at causing d-orbital splitting and yield lower values of . CO + CN: Good Pi acceptors PF3: Empty d orbital on phosphorus serves as Pi acceptor En and NH3: Only simga donor, no pi star orbital or p orbital H20: can pi donate, but is bad sigma donor (and weak pi donor) F-->I-: Pi donor increases as EN increases, more willing to share electrons. Made with nCreator - tiplanet.org
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